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Mind
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Vladimir Bekhterev One of the first milestones of the 20th Century came in 1903 when Vladimir M/ Bekhterev published, in Russia, a seven-volume report called "Foundations of the Theory of the Functions of the Brain". Acknowledged as the father of Russian neurology, Bekhterev presented some of the earliest important conclusions on methods of stimulating the brain electrically, calling his technique the study of reflexology. SOURCE: Were
We Controlled? by Lincoln Lawrence,
Vladimir Bekhterev (January 20, 1857 – December 24, 1927) was a Russian neurophysiologist and psychiatrist who noted the role of the hippocampus in memory around 1900. He founded the field of psycho reflexology, transferring Pavlov's work on dogs to humans. He is most remembered for Bekhterev's disease. In 1907 Bekhterev founded the PsychoNeurological Institute, later renamed to the St. Petersburg State Medical Academy. He died in 1927, after being summoned by Stalin, who presumably sought his expertise in dealing with depression. The facts of his death may never be known, but it has been speculated that the outspoken Bekhterev had diagnosed Stalin with paranoia, causing Stalin, who did not agree with the diagnosis, to have the doctor killed (poisoned). V.Bekhterev's son, engineer and inventor Pyotr Bekhterev, was executed during Stalin's purges, and his granddaughter Natalya Bekhtereva is a famous Russian neuroscientist and psychologist. Vladimir Bekhterev - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia To the lay public Vladimir Bekhterev is known for Bekhterev's disease, pelvospondylitis. Bekhterev's most important work, however, was in the study of reflexes and the morphology of the brain. He is the founder of psycho reflexology, transmitting to humans the same pattern of thinking that Pavlov had developed in his work on conditioned reflexes in dogs, and he used similar experiments. Bekhterev is thus a forerunner of behaviourism. His works are epoch-making, but at first received little attention as they were published in Russian. Universal College of Reflexology Certification and Training A half century has passed since Stalin accused a
group of doctors Just under 50 years ago, on 4 April
1953, Pravda carried a prominent statement by
Lavrenty Beria, Stalin's infamous head of secret
police, exonerating nine Soviet doctors (seven of them
Jews) who had previously been accused of
"wrecking, espionage and terrorist
activities against the active leaders of the Soviet Government."
The Soviet people, especially its Jews, were astounded
to learn that just a month after Stalin's death the
new leadership now admitted that the charges had
been entirely invented by Stalin and his
followers. Seven of the doctors were immediately released The infamous "Doctors' Plot" speaks volumes
about Soviet politics, Stalin's role, the persistence of a
medieval view of doctors as potential poisoners,
and the survival of overt anti-Semitism in the
Soviet Union, despite the known horrors of the recent
Holocaust. 1
2
For Stalin, whose deeds easily matched those of Hitler and
whose deceits had been evident throughout his
life, the Doctors' Plot and intended show trial
were meant to cleanse the Soviet Union of
"foreign," "cosmopolitan," and
"Zionist" (read Jewish) elements. In
fact, it was the only one of Stalin's show trials that did
not come off
Stalin's plans On 13 January 1953 the Soviet government declared in Pravda that nine of the Kremlin's most prestigious doctors had, several years earlier, murdered two of Stalin's closest aides.4 (An English translation of the article has recently been posted on the internet.5) Moreover, as Rapoport relates, these practitioners were accused of taking part in a "vast plot conducted by Western imperialists and Zionists to kill the top Soviet political and military leadership . . . [Until Stalin's death] the Soviet media pounded away at the supposed single `fifth column' in the USSR, with constant references to Jews who were being arrested, dismissed from their jobs, or executed."6 The show trial was meant to initiate a carefully
constructed plan in which almost all of the Soviet Union's
two million Jews, nearly all of whom were
survivors of the Holocaust, were to be transported
to the Gulag Anti-Semitism and mistrust of doctors Stalin's hatred of Jews and of Jewish doctors in particular did not appear in a vacuum. European anti-Semitism had long manifested, as one of its more bizarre subtypes, a fear (and respect) for Jewish doctors. This recurrent delusion is typified by a statement from the Catholic Council of Valladolid in 1322: Jewish physicians "under guise of medicine, surgery, or apothecary commit treachery with much ardor and kill Christian folk when administering medicine to them."2 Stalin had long manifested his hatred not only of Jews but, by extension, of Jewish nationalism (Zionism). Though using somewhat derivative terminology, his slander of both was expressed in the same spirit as the omnipresent anti-Semitism of the Tsarist period in which Stalin grew up. At that time the notorious Tsarist police forgery The Protocols of the Elders of Zion was widely circulated in Russia and beyond.7 This tract claimed that world Jewry aspired to international domination through control of the world's banking system and through socialist subversion. Despite the fact that in 1921 the forgery was exposed in the Times of London, it survives today, mainly but not exclusively in the Arab world, where an ongoing television series is based on the Protocols.8
Sometimes Stalin's concerns conflicted. For example,
when Lena Shtern, a well known Jewish scientist, was tried
secretly on trumped up charges in
1952, Stalin spared her life, imprisoning her
for "only" five years In general Stalin severely mistrusted doctors But Stalin's special hatred was reserved for Jewish doctors. Although in the last decades of Tsarist rule Jews were restricted from owning land and excluded from most other professions, they had indeed entered medicine in numbers far out of proportion to their small percentage in the overall population.6 So when Stalin decided to resolve the Soviet Union's "Jewish problem," it made perfect sense to open the campaign with a show trial against a group of (mainly Jewish) doctors who were often branded "Zionists" or agents of the "Joint" (an international Jewish charitable organization). A propaganda offensive accompanied the plans to deport |
The
deportation was purportedly "in response" to a
carefully orchestrated letter prepared for Pravda
and signed by many terrified Soviet Jewish leaders,
imploring "The Father of all the Peoples" to deport
the Jews for their own protection. It appealed to
"the government of the USSR, and to Comrade
Stalin personally, to save the Jewish population
from possible violence in the wake of the revelations about
the doctor-poisoners . . . of Jewish origin
. . . We, as leading figures among
loyal Soviet Jewry, totally reject American and
Zionist propaganda claiming that there is anti-Semitism in
the Soviet Union."6
According to Stalin's plan, the doctors would be convicted
and scheduled to be hanged Then "incidents" would follow: attacks on Jews orchestrated by the secret police, the publication of the statement by the prominent Jews, and a flood of other letters demanding that action be taken. A three-stage program of genocide would be followed. First, almost all Soviet Jews . . . would be shipped to camps east of the Urals . . . Second, the authorities would set Jewish leaders at all levels against one another . . . Also the MGB [Secret Police] would start killing the elites in the camps, just as they had killed the Yiddish writers . . . the previous year. The . . . final stage would be to "get rid of the rest."6 Contemporary responses Of interest is the approach taken at the time by the two main organs of British medicine, the British Medical Journal and the Lancet. The Lancet made no mention of the plot. The British Medical Journal did publish an interesting leader article exactly one week after the dramatic announcement in Pravda in April exonerating the doctors.10 Entitled "The accused Russian doctors," it referred to a wishy-washy pronouncement from the World Medical Association.11 The journal, perhaps a bit wiser (and braver) after the Soviet recantation, admitted that "As doctors we felt disturbed by the assault upon the professional integrity of our Russian colleagues and especially by the probable effect of the accusation on the trust patients universally have in the doctor-patient relationship." The only other English language reference that I could locate was a letter to the editor of the Journal of the American Medical Association in March, submitted by the Israel Medical Association, stating forthrightly that "a false charge has been leveled against the accused physicians and that the trial against them is staged for certain political ends."12
No statement appeared in the British medical press between
the Pravda announcement of the Doctors' Plot in January
and the retraction in April. Furthermore, I could
find no other mention of this case in any section
of these three journals after 11 April 1953. Although the immediate de-Stalinization that followed the dictator's death made life less fearful for all of the Soviet Union's peoples, the country's Jews were not yet out of the woods. The next four decades saw periods of resurgence and quiescence in Soviet anti-Semitism. During the Brezhnev years an unusual combination of state inspired anti-Semitism and a relaxation of the emigration regulations facilitated the exit of approximately 200 000 Jews, many of whom went to Israel. Later, with glasnost and perestroika, almost one million more Jews left, most once again to Israel. A large number of these migrants were doctors, their move strongly enriching Israel's medical profession.13 In the end, Stalin's plot failed for one reason only: he died before completing the mission. The final irony is that over the past two decades the cream of Soviet Jewish medicine has gone from being vilified in their land of birth to free practitioners of their craft in the Jewish state. Stalin, one hopes, is indeed rolling over in his grave. References
SOURCE: The
Soviet Doctors' Plot---50 years on NOTE: You may also be interested in the
Remote
Viewing Timeline of the 20th Century. Remote Viewing
was a technology used with considerable success by the CIA,
DIA and other U.S. and Soviet intelligence agencies - and
based on the work pioneered by Bekhterev. Printed, this
timeline is 55 pages long. Regular and purposeful neurosurgical interventions started at the end of the nineteenth century. Both surgical and neurological roots of the emerging speciality could be traced. The surgical roots of neurosurgery were the invention of anaesthesia, aseptics and antiseptics which made brain operations relatively safe and markedly reduced postoperative mortality. The neurological roots were the improvement of topical diagnosis in neurology and the understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system. The first operating room at the neurology department of the Russian Military Medical Academy was established in 1897 by the famous Russian neurologist and psychiatrist Vladimir Bekhterev (1857-1927). According to Bekhterev, neurology should become a surgical speciality like gynaecology or ophthalmology and ``neurologists will take a knife in their hands and do what they should do''. Bekhterev's pupil Ludwig Puusepp (1875-1942) became the first full-time Russian neurosurgeon (``surgical neurologist''). He headed the first university course in surgical neurology in the world organised in 1909 at Bekhterev's Psychoneurological Institute in St. Petersburg and became professor of surgical neurology in 1910. The role of neurologists might be illustrated by the development of a stereotactic instrument named ``encephalometer'' designed by D. Zernov in 1889 and improved by G. Rossolimo in 1907. The idea was to map cerebral structures in degrees of latitude and longitude similar to mapping the terrestrial globe in order to localize the brain lesion and enhance its minimally invasive removal. Nevertheless, there was a general trend to replace surgical neurologists by neurological surgeons. This happened in the 1930's. Neurosurgery in Russia was developing at Neurosurgical Research Institutes in Moscow (1932) and Leningrad (1926) as a complex speciality in connection with allied sciences (neuroradiology, neurootology, neuroophthalmology, neuropsychology etc.). The huge referral area made it possible to develop subspecialties like paediatric neurosurgery, vascular, skull base, functional neurosurgery by organising special departments within these Institutes. The set of provincial neurosurgical centres had also appeared in the 1930's. In 1937, a special neurosurgical periodical called ``Voprosy neurochirurgii'' (``Problems of Neurosurgery'') was launched. According to N.N. Burdenko (1876-1946), neurosurgical interventions were viewed as experiments on humans in order to confirm the neurophysiological concepts of Pavlov and Bekhterev based on animal models. They had to follow three basic principles: anatomical availability, technical possibility and physiological permissibility. Neurologists played a crucial role in the establishment and promotion of this new speciality, but their role has changed. |
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Mind Control Timeline 1900-1909 |
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| 1900 -
Paris meeting of International Congress of Hypnotism
accepts therapeutic value of hypnotism.
1901 - Freud points out the phenomenon which he calls slips of tongue, and explains the cause of such "thoughtless" mis-sayings, mislayings, etc., as repressed unconscious feelings managing to act out. 1903 - Bramwell pioneers many elements used in modern hypnotic inductions: pre-induction inter-view to gain trust and understanding, use of quiet, darkened room to reduce sensory input, telling subject to "just let it happen," and directing subject's attention to "sensations he probably is experiencing" (actually sensory illusions and exercises in obedience). He uses narcohypnotic induction to overcome cases of resistance to merely verbal induction. |
1903 -
Pavlov introduces classical conditioning.
1904 - William James reports that the Frenchman, M. Liegeois, has hypnotized persons as far away as twelve kilometers by giving an induction cue over the telephone. 1907 - A German, Auguste Forel, writes that a criminal hypnotist could prevent his discovery by means of sealing, which he calls "locking suggestions." 1907 - Lapponi reports that electric shocking can induce trance: electro-induction. 1908 - First American researcher on the physiology of hypnosis, William McDougal, describes inhibited state of cortex during trance, suggests new methods to cause that inhibition (staring, monotonous stimulation, etc.) |
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Mind Control Timeline 1960-1969 |
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Let's go further. In breaking bodies and minds, the role of psychiatric abuse and mental health professionals in creating torture victims and mind control victims is discussed - the complicity between torturers and professionals who help them to torture has been documented - there is the Irving Janus report from 1949 that validated the use of hypnosis as part of conditioning techniques being used by the Soviets; Rand report in 1958 again reaches the same conclusions; the involvement of hypnosis and other forms of programming - the book "Why Men Confess" is written by a former Assistant Attorney General of the United States, traces modern mind control back to the Malleus Maleficorum through the Moscow Show Trials and other places. It's a good legitimate source for understanding the modern "False Memory" stuff which I will get to. |
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Footnotes & References |
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 Headline DATE © 2007 by The Phoenix Foundation Body text |
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In
fact, it is Bekhterev more than his more famous
counterpart Pavlov, who laid the groundwork for Russian
behaviorism research. Bekhterev applied the same
principles to humans that Pavlov had to dogs, advancing
the science significantly.
most
of them Jewish
Decree
of the Supreme Soviet of
20 January
1953 awarding the Lenin
Order to Dr Olga Timashuk for
help in "exposing the
physician-murderers. On
3 April 1953 the award
was cancelled "in view of
the true circumstances coming to
light"
